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鑑於 SVB 最近的失敗，政界人士、監管機構和銀行高管正在爭論美聯儲在監管銀行方面的作用。但是，分析人士認為問題比這更微妙，一些人指責美聯儲忽視保證銀行安全和正常運作。由於美聯儲加息和 SVB 經營的 420 億美元銀行，該銀行急需現金。結果，它不得不虧本出售債券，面臨流動性危機。據分析師稱，該銀行對未投保存款的依賴及其作為舊金山聯邦住房貸款銀行的最大借款人的角色是美聯儲本應意識到的兩個警告指標。儘管如此，國會還是減少了對資產低於 2500 億美元的銀行（包括 SVB）的限制，因此它們免於進行年度健康檢查。 SVB 的前任首席執行官推動了這一修改，聲稱這些規則會給銀行帶來不必要的負擔。由於這種情況，其他人質疑負責監督 SVB 監管的舊金山聯儲的作用。瑞士信貸也遇到了問題，不得不從瑞士國家銀行借款高達 500 億瑞士法郎（537 億美元）。自 SVB 問題開始以來，包括美國銀行、富國銀行和花旗集團在內的銀行的存款有所增加，儘管情況仍未得到解決。
What caused SVB's liquidity crisis?
SVB's liquidity crisis was caused by the Federal Reserve's rate rises and a $42 billion bank run.
What were the warning indicators that the Fed should have been aware of regarding SVB's situation?
According to analysts, SVB's reliance on uninsured deposits and its role as the top borrower from the Federal Home Loan Bank in San Francisco were two warning indicators that the Fed should have been aware of.
Why were banks like Bank of America, Wells Fargo, and Citigroup affected by SVB's problems?
Despite the fact that the situation is still unresolved, banks like Bank of America, Wells Fargo, and Citigroup have witnessed an increase in deposits since SVB's problems began, possibly due to customers withdrawing money from SVB and depositing it in other banks.
What changes did Congress make to the restrictions on banks with less than $250 billion in assets?
Congress cut down restrictions on banks, including SVB, with less than $250 billion in assets, exempting them from an annual health check.
What are some of the criticisms of the Fed's oversight of banks, as stated in the article?
Some analysts have accused the Fed of neglecting to guarantee that banks function securely and properly, and some have questioned the role of the San Francisco Fed, which oversaw SVB's supervision.
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